Sunday, November 21, 2010


White Material

White Material


If there is any genre that Claire Denis cannot bend towards completing a provocative concept, it has yet to be defined. From the great horror of Trouble Every Day to the more meditative traffic of Friday Night, Denis has a marvelous ability to create tremendously engaging stories that demand expansion of thought.  White Material adds to her impressive collection, balancing multiple political and social questions through its portrait of a white woman single-handedly trying to save the family plantation in a section of Africa experiencing the last gasps of apartheid.

Maria Vial (Isabelle Huppert) is calmly determined to find laborers to harvest the remaining coffee, amidst consistently blaring radio announcements claiming control of the land from oppression. People are leaving every moment despite her diplomatic cajoling that things have been worse and it's better in the long run to finish what will take less than a week.  Her father (Michel Subor) is relaxed about the idea of dying and provides little support while ex-husband Andre (Christopher Lambert), who has fathered a child with one of the workers, attempts to hand the land over to a local militia head in exchange for exit assistance.

In classic Denis-style (she co-wrote the script with Marie N'Diaye), White Material utilizes as little spoken interaction as possible, in this case conveying how much communication, and the country's condition, are based on economic transactions.  When something more cerebral is discussed, Maria is unable to digest those words, as if they are a foreign language and not just because of a her conscious denial of circumstances.  Maria's life becomes entirely comprised of completing one task at a time, clinging, though not desperately, to the life she's accustomed to.  She drives around, personally negotiating for help, getting supplies, looking over her crops, and gradually taking on more activities as her ability to rely on anyone diminishes.  With her simple indomitable resolve, through which she admirably never resorts to emotional outbursts or manipulations, the nature of impending change takes on a deeper meaning of crisis.

Though the crisp verite of following Maria's moves is simple, the cultural ramifications are far from it.  It is easy to judge Maria for the amount of privilege she exudes, but she's also the only person making an effort against the mounting hysteria perpetuating further violent situations.  It seems reprehensible to send the workers to rest in an unkempt shed after all the effort it took to get them there, but the treatment of citizens by their own community is no better once one of their peers has a gun.  Nobody retains "authority" for very long. As more people are trying leave the confusing turmoil, innocent people die for existing at the wrong place and time. There is no perfect protagonist or easy solution.

While taking its time to explore the personal tragedies taking place during the upheaval, White Material allows no room for pity as it jostles between how different groups cope and react to sudden power alterations. The actual fighting and competing for control were as far as anyone seems to have thought, not preparing for a world in which things would actually change.  As such, even as we're disgusted at one race's unjust hold over another, the results of quick equalization through force alone prove to be damaging to everyone, without consideration for class or connections.

Depicting the abhorrent nature of colonialism, and painfully critiquing the destruction involved in its fall, White Material reveals the inhumane conditions that arise when political maneuvering has no foresight.  It can be heartbreaking to watch, but it's worth the reflection on what happens when people insist on superiority that they don't deserve.


William S. Burroughs: A Man Within

William S. Burroughs: A Man Within

A true revolutionary isn't universally loved; there should be plenty of hate to go around. Otherwise, how authentic could the rebellion have been? In Yony Leyser's sketchy, worshipful portrait, William S. Burroughs: A Man Within, there are plenty of words tossed around about how outside the boundaries Burroughs operated - but these all come from people who either idolized or befriended him. Considering that Burroughs penned Naked Lunch, one of the most viciously repellent satirical novels in Western literature, such a friendly, speak-no-ill attitude feels off.

Leyser doesn't present an authorial voice, preferring to let the dark master's acolytes tell the story. What biographical information there is - Burroughs's 1914 birth into a St. Louis family of means, Harvard education and entry into the postwar beatnik literary demimonde - is shot swiftly into the film by Peter Weller's spare narration. Weller, who played the Burroughs stand-in Bill Lee in David Cronenberg's fascinating deconstruction of Naked Lunch, appears as well, expounding with some erudition on Burroughs' insights into the psyche of addiction. There are nods to the different periods in Burroughs's life, from the years in Tangiers to his time in the New York scene (living in the infamous "Bunker" near CBGBs at the height of punk) and later semi-retirement to the college town of Lawrence, Kansas (some scenes included of the gentlemen at leisure with his arsenal of guns and many cats) but a cohesive storyline or thoughtful intellectual framework never gels.

Unlike many docu-portraits of artistic lions, A Man Within is replete with footage of the man himself, which just about makes up for an otherwise ramshackle structure. Starting out with audio of Burroughs considering the ways in which "death smells," Leyser layers his interviews onto a dense background of scratchy film of Burroughs conversing in his gentleman of awkwardness manner with the likes of his close friend Allen Ginsberg (whose 1997 death preceded that of Burroughs by only a few months), hanging about with the musicians who made pilgrimages to see him or delivering monologues into lonely microphones. That dusty death rattle of his is all over, couched in the same drear and funereal tones whether he's railing against some injustice or delivering some dry, scabrous comic routine of the kind that promises tears instead of laughter. Leyser includes the main of his seminal "Thanksgiving Day Prayer," as stunning a denunciation of the betrayal of America's promise ("thanks for the last and greatest betrayal of the last and greatest of human dreams") as ever spoken.

But in the main, Leyser's film is a litany of fans (mostly musicians and artists of note, particularly first-generation New York punks like Patti Smith and Thurston Moore) coming forward to talk about what they loved about Burroughs. Divided somewhat chunkily into sections about different areas of his life, from "junk" to guns (two things he loved to a damning fault), the film doesn't paint a portrait so much as it accumulates a critical mass of opinion that hopes to add up to a sound and presentable whole. Nearly to a one, the invited guests refuse to disturb the mood and so contort themselves to find ways to explain away Burroughs's possibly-accidental shooting of his wife that it would be interesting to see what crime many of them wouldn't excuse him for.

Some who knew the man better - like his longtime companion and literary executor James Grauerholz - have a slightly more astringent take on the man and his art, but it mostly stays within the realm of propriety. Of the celebrity guests John Waters provides the most insight, with some choice passages explaining the dyspeptic Burroughs not only as a punk anti-icon for American outsiders, but also a different kind of gay icon than the country had ever (and maybe still has) seen.

Still, it's difficult to imagine that Burroughs, the rare writer whose work can still shock after more than half a century, would have appreciated so many fine and noble sentiments on his behalf. One archival clip shows Ginsberg (always more on the hippie side of things) asking Burroughs, "Do you want to be loved?" His answer? "Not really.
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Fair Game (2010)

Fair Game

Nothing is more fatal to a thriller than familiarity. If a viewer can anticipate -- or better yet, knows -- exactly where your narrative is going, suspense and dread are more or less destroyed. So when Doug Liman, the director responsible for starting the whole Bourne franchise craze, decided to take on the story of outed CIA agent Valerie Plame (Naomi Watts), her angry ex-ambassador husband Joe Wilson (Sean Penn), and their battles with the former Bush Administration, he faced a serious challenge: how to make material raked through the 24-hour news cycle muck seem fresh and exciting? For a portion of Fair Game's running time, he manages such a feat. Once the plot path leads to a feisty former Vice President and an aide named Scooter Libby, however, all tension trickles away.

When we initially meet up with Plame, she is jetting around the globe, striking deals with various members of terrorist organizations for information and allegiances. She balances this cloak and dagger dynamic with a loving home life. Her husband helps out on occasion, stepping in with contacts of his own to clear up the foggy intelligence picture. When they determine that aluminum tubes supposedly used by Iraq in a nuclear weapons program are actually useless spare parts for something else, they let the powers that be know this. The President, instead, uses another interpretation to make his case against Saddam. Wilson, livid, writes a scathing denouncement of the decision to go to war. The next thing the couple knows, Plame's name is part of a Washington Post piece, her safety has been compromised, and her loyalty challenged.

Up until the moment the MSNBC/Fox News TV trial of the truth begins, Fair Game is gangbusters. Watts is excellent as an attractive woman using her perceived fetching female fish-out-of-water status to lure arrogant Middle Eastern marks to their confessional fate. She is very good at her job and, at least from the movie's point of view, was one of the key crafters of the "no WMD" conclusion regarding Iraq. Those scenes sparkle with intelligence and wit, the various members of the CIA think tank deconstructing the logic of others. Even when Libby (David Andrews) shows up with a mandate -- finding someone, ANYONE, who agrees that said tubes were purchased for the creation of nukes -- we bristle at the arrogance and flawed focus.

Then Plame is named and Fair Game fades. We recognize the sudden strain this places on her relationship with Wilson (Penn is given little to do except look indignant and complain) and also fear for her life. But Liman does little with this latter angle. We need to actually feel the threat, to see how those Plame put in jeopardy actually respond to her true identity. The closest we come to such a sequence is when an informant promised asylum is left behind during the US invasion. Instead of more arguments between our couple about purpose and pride, Fair Game could have used more international espionage. Anger over government dirty tricks is old hat. It's been a part of the national mindset since Woodward and Bernstein lifted the veil of sanctity off of DC.

Indeed, almost four decades ago, a film like All The President's Men worked because, even with a bestseller as a basis, the typical viewer wasn't wholly versed in every aspect of the Watergate case. After the breach, Plame and Wilson were media constants up and through the eventual public resolution. Knowing where things are going hurts the latter half of Fair Game. Before then, it's everything a smart, modern, edge-of-your-seat entertainment needs to be
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